Quality Metric

Moisture Content

The percentage of water by weight in green coffee. Target 10-12% for specialty. The basic spec everyone knows--but understanding why it matters makes you a better buyer.

Definition

What moisture content measures

Moisture content is simply the percentage of water in green coffee by weight. Fresh cherry starts around 60% moisture. After processing and drying, specialty coffee should reach 10-12%.

This spec tells you how well coffee was dried. Too high means storage problems and mold risk. Too low means over-drying, which can mute flavors and cause roast defects.

Key numbers

Ideal range 10 - 12%
ICO maximum 12.5%
Risk zone (high) >13%
Risk zone (low) <9%
Related spec Water Activity

Why Roasters Care

What moisture content tells you

Roast behavior

Higher moisture means more energy needed to drive off water. Affects charge temperature, time to first crack, and development time.

Storage stability

Coffee above 12% moisture degrades faster and risks mold. Below 10% may already show fading cup character.

Processing indicator

Moisture tells you about drying quality. Rushed drying often means high moisture. Over-drying can happen with mechanical dryers.

Related Concepts

Moisture vs. water activity

Moisture Content

Total water present (% by weight). Tells you how much water is in the bean.

Example: 11% moisture = 11g water per 100g coffee

Water Activity

How available that water is (0.00-1.00 scale). Tells you what that water will do.

Example: 0.55 aW = water is bound, stable for storage

Both specs matter. Two coffees at 11% moisture can have different water activity--and behave differently in storage and roasting. Ask for both.

Our Approach

How we use moisture data

Accept 10-12%

We target the sweet spot. Below 10% we investigate for over-drying. Above 12% needs explanation.

Pair with water activity

Moisture alone isn't enough. We measure both specs to understand true storage stability.

Include on all spec sheets

Every lot comes with moisture data. This is basic information every roaster should have.

Climate-controlled storage

Our warehouse maintains conditions that prevent moisture migration. What you sample is what you get.

Deep Dive

Green Coffee Moisture Content Explained

Why moisture percentage matters for roast development, shelf life, and weight loss—and the ideal range for specialty-grade green beans.

Want complete spec sheets?

We provide moisture, water activity, density, and cupping scores on every lot.